Method of deodorizing fats and fatty oils



April 15, 1930.

H. BOLLMANN METHOD OF DEODORIZING FATS ANDl FATTY OILS Filed Feb. 27.1925 .Patented Apr. l5, 1930 'UNITED s'rArus- PATENT, OFFICE I HERMANNBOLLMANN, F HAMBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 MARY.FULFORD FOSTER, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, TRUSTEE `IME'LHODOFDEODORIZING FATS ANDVFATTY OILS Application tiled February 27, 1925,Seri`a1`No.A12,186, and in Germany. September 3, 1924.

This invention ,relates to a method of deodorizing fats and fatty oils,which as is well known, is effected by treatment of the same with steam.When steam is directly intro- I duced into af bulk of the fats or oils,a very long treatment and a comparatively large amount of steam arenecessar for achieving the desired object. Attempts ave been made toavoid this drawback bybringing oil a/nd steam in minutely divided statesinto Contact "one with the other, and, if desired, by em-lployingindividual stages in the' apparatus used, i. efby effecting thetreatment in successive steps. However, evenwith this method the objectdesired is not completel achieved, because the distributionl of the oilis not line enough and there is not a sufficiently great surface of theoil exposed to the desired action of the steam. l y

These drawbacks are avoided by the method according tothe whereby it ismade possi le to remove instantaneously the unpleasant smell and taste iof the oil with the employmenteof the smalli est possible amount ofsteam.

According to the invention-the oil or fat, re-heated if desired (itshould be in a freely ,liquid state), is atomized by means of asteam-nozzle supplied with superheated steam, and introduced into aspace in whichl a redued air-pressure revails.

The steam, carrying t e odors, is drawn off` by means of a vacuumconduit, whilst the bil,

compartment providedv with heating-bodies, where it is freed (byheating) from thestill adhering moisture, which latter is returned invapour-form into the upper-stage and is likewise drawn oi bythe vacuum.The oil, on the contrary, triclxles down and is introduced in a finelydivided state by means of a'steam-nozzle into the next following sta-ge,

where the same cycle of operations is repeated and so on. v

15 Since by atomizing distribution of the oil a considerably largersurface isobtained than -Y in the methods employed hitherto, the'steamemployed is enabled to act instantaneously upon the minutbst particlesand to remove all those constituents" which become volatile at Eresentinvention, 1

in the form of drops, iiows down into the next the tem erature attainedby the action of the i stit'ute heatin bodies interposed between,

the former an provided withheating-tubes 3. The oil is atomized in eachoneof the stages 1 by means of steam-nozzles 4 of injector form fed withsuperheated steam as above stated. VThe oil accumulates after leavingthe heating stages 2 in trays 7. 5 is a condu1t through which'the steamis continuously drawn off to a vacuum pump, or other vacuyum-producingdevice. The steam coming upwardly from a stage l, into the next higherieatlzig stage 2, can pass around and over the ray The purified oilleaves the apparatus through 'a pipe 6, whilst the heating-steam entersthe heating stages 2 through a pipe 8 and leaves the same throu h a pipe9.

The term fatty oil 1s hereinafter employed to embrace both those whichare normally solid (fats and those which are normally liquid (oils Iclaim 1 1. A method of deodorizing fatty oils which comprises atomizingthe` same bysuperheated steam into a compartment in whlch a pressurebelow atmospheric 1s mamtained, allowing the oil to flow over heatingrsurfaces tovaporize moisture, and collecting the said oil, and repeatinsaid cycle of operations until the said oil 1s sufficiently puri-` fied,and drawing off said oil, all while continuously maintaining a pressurebelow atmospheric in the treating vessel by drawing oli' the steamcarrying va-porized impurities, from the top of said compartment.

2. A process of treating fatty oil containrality of stream in thin1ayers,'col1ecting the several streams and repeating such steps untilthe oil is suiciently purified, such fiowing and collecting operationsbeing conducted in artial vacuum and continuously withdrawlng steam andva ors from the upper art of the treating vesse whereby the parta vacuumis maintained in the treating vessel.

In testimon whereof I aix my signature.

E RMANN BOLLMANN.

